APA 7th referencing

Film or video

Reference components

Director Surname, Initial(s). (Director). (year). Title of work in italics [Film]. Production Company. URL


Reference list examples

Miller, G. (Director). (2015). Mad Max: Fury road [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/edutv.1193010

Sandberg, D. F. (Director). (2019). Shazam! [Film]. Warner Bros. Pictures; New Line Cinema; DC Films.

(Sandberg, 2019).

OR

Sandberg (2019) uses…


If quoting

“Here’s the thing about power. What good is power if you got nobody to share it with?” (Sandberg, 2019, 1:55:51).

Note. If quoting, include a timestamp indicating the point at which the quotation begins

  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

TV series episode

Reference components

Writer Surname, Initial(s). (Writer), & Director Surname, Initial(s). (Director). (year). Title of episode (Season #, Episode #) [TV series episode]. In Executive Producer Initial(s). Surname (Executive Producer), TV series name in italics. Production Company. URL


Reference list example

Muharrar, A. (Writer), & Adams, A. (Director). (2019). Chillaxing (Season 4, Episode 3) [TV series episode]. In M. Schur, D. Miner, M. Sackett, & D. Goddard (Executive Producers). The good place, Fremulon; 3 Arts Entertainment; Universal Television.

(Muharrar & Adams, 2019).

OR

Muharrar and Adams (2019) highlight…


If quoting

“What would Kant say about your duty to help your fellow human beings?” (Muharrar & Adams, 2019, 1:56).

Note. If quoting, include a timestamp indicating the point at which the quotation begins

  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

TV series

Reference components

Executive Producer Surname, Initial(s). (Executive Producer). (Years series aired). Title of series in italics [TV series]. Production Company. URL


Reference list example

Michaels, L., Fey, T., Miner, D., Klein, M., Carlock, R., Richmond, J., & Riggi, J. (Executive Producers). (2006-2013). 30 Rock [TV series]. Broadway Video; Little Stranger; NBC Studios; NBC Universal Television; Universal Media Studios.

(Michaels et al., 2006-2013).

OR

Michaels et al. (2006-2013) show…

  • If the series is still airing, replace the second year with the word present e.g. (2007-present)
  • If accessed online, provide a URL (if available) to aid in retrieval

YouTube or other streaming video

Reference components

Author Surname, Initial(s). [Screen name]. (year, Month day). Title of video in italics [Video]. Site Name. URL


Haran, B. [Numberphile2]. (2015, May 14). Why basic research is important - Numberphile [Video]. YouTube. https://youtube.com/watch?v=6gnsQjPCC

Packnett, B. (2019, April). How to build your confidence - and spark it in others [Video]. TED. https://ted.com/talks/brittany_packnett_how_to_build_your_confidence_and_spark_it_in_others

TED. (2014, June 27). How to speak so that people want to listen: Julian Treasure [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/elho2SOZahl

(Haran, 2015).

OR

Haran (2015) focuses on…

OR

Julian Treasure speaks about making people want to listen to your ideas (TED, 2014).


If quoting

“To the general public the useful thing that comes at the end seems more directly valuable” (Haran, 2015, 1:31).

Note. When quoting, include a timestamp indicating the point at which the quotation begins

  • The person or group who posted the video is credited as the author for retrievability, even if they did not create it
  • If the real name of the person who posted it is unknown, then include only the screen name without brackets
  • When a TED Talk comes from TED’s website, use the name of the speaker as the author. When the TED Talk is on YouTube, list the owner of the YouTube account as the author for retrievability

Podcast episode

Reference components

Host Surname, Initial(s). (Host). (year, Month day). Title of episode (Episode Number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast in italics. Site Name. URL


Reference list example

Malcolm, L. (Host). (2018, September 16). Tripping for depression [Audio podcast episode]. In All in the mind. ABC Radio National. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/tripping-for-depression/10223006

(Malcolm, 2018).

OR

Malcolm (2018) argues…


If quoting

“The mistake of the sixties is that there was a certain cavalier attitude toward it” (Malcolm, 2018, 07:15).

OR

Malcom (2018) suggests that “the mistake of the sixties is that there was a certain cavalier attitude toward it” (07:15).

Note. When quoting, include a timestamp indicating the point at which the quotation begins

  • If the podcast does not have an episode number, omit this from the reference

Music - Single song or track

Reference components

Artist Surname, Initial(s). (year). Title of song [Description]. On Title of album in italics. Label.


Reference list examples

Beyonce. (2008). Single ladies (put a ring on it) [Song]. On I am… Sasha Fierce. Sony BMG Music Entertainment.

Childish Gambino. (2014). What kind of love [Song]. MCDJ Entertainment; Glassnote Entertainment Group.

Sheeran, E., & Bieber, J. (2019). I don’t care [Song]. On No. 6 collaborations project. Warner Music UK; Def Jam Recordings.

(Beyonce, 2008).

OR

Sheeran and Bieber (2019) collaborated on…


If quoting

“I got gloss on my lips, a man on my hips” (Beyonce, 2008, 01:00).

OR

Beyonce (2008) sings “I got gloss on my lips, a man on my hips (01:00).

  • If the song has no associated album, omit this from the reference (e.g. Childish Gambino example)
  • Include a URL if that location is the only means of retrieval (e.g. for artists who only provide music in one location, such as SoundCloud or their website)